1.Ipolyesterifayibha
Ifiber yePolyester yipolyester, yeyepolyester elungisiweyo, yeyohlobo oluphathwayo (ilungiswe ngabahlobo bakhumbuza) iphucula umxholo wamanzi wepolyester uphantsi, ukungenwa kakuhle, ukudaya okungalunganga, ukupeyinta ngokulula, ukuchaphaza lula kunye nezinye iintsilelo. Isekelwe kwi-terephthalic acid esulungekisiweyo (PTA) okanye i-dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) kunye ne-ethylene glycol (EG) njengezinto eziluhlaza ngokusebenzisa i-esterification okanye i-transesterification kunye ne-condensation reaction ukuze ulungiselele i-polymer-polyethylene terephthalate (PET), i-spun kunye ne-post-treatment eyenziwe. yefiber.
Izinto eziluncedo: i-luster eqaqambileyo, enefuthe elikhanyayo, uzive ugudile, uthambile, ulungile; I-ayina echasene nemibimbi, ukumelana nokukhanya okulungileyo; Bamba isilika ngokuqinileyo ngesandla kwaye uyikhulule ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okucacileyo.
Ukungalungi: i-luster ayithambile ngokwaneleyo, ukungakwazi ukungena kakuhle, ukudaya kunzima, ukuxhathisa ukunyibilika, kulula ukwenza imingxuma ebusweni bomsizi, iMars njalo njalo.
Ukufunyanwa kwepolyester
Ipolyester, eyasungulwa ngo-1942 nguJR Whitfield noJT Dixon, yakhuthazwa luphando luka-WH Carothers, isazinzulu saseMelika esafumanisa inayiloni! Xa isetyenziswe njengefiber, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-polyester, kwaye ukuba isetyenziswe, umzekelo, iibhotile zesiselo seplastiki, kuthiwa yi-PET.
Inkqubo: Ukwenziwa kweentsinga zepolyester ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo
(1) I-Polymerization: i-terephthalic acid kunye ne-ethylene glycol (ngokuqhelekileyo i-ethylene glycol) i-polymerized ukwenza i-polyester polymer;
(2) Ukusonta: ngokunyibilikisa i-polymer kunye nokudlula kwipleyiti yepore ejikelezayo ukwenza i-fiber eqhubekayo;
(3) Ukunyanga kunye nokwelula: iifibers zipholile kwaye zinyangwa kwaye zolule kwi-stretcher ukuqinisa amandla kunye nokuqina;
(4) Ukwenziwa kunye nasemva konyango: iintsinga zinokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezifana nelaphu, ukuluka, ukuthunga, kunye nasemva kokunyanga, njengokudaya, ukuprinta nokugqiba.
Ipolyester yeyona ilula kwezi zintathu iintsinga zokwenziwa, kwaye ixabiso liphantsi. Luhlobo lwelaphu lempahla yekhemikhali yefiber esetyenziswa kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Inzuzo yayo enkulu kukuba inokumelana nokushwabana okuhle kunye nokugcinwa kwemilo, ngoko ifanelekile kwimpahla yangaphandle njengempahla yangaphandle, zonke iintlobo zeengxowa kunye neentente.
Izinto eziluncedo: ukomelela okuphezulu, ukuqina okuqinileyo kufutshane noboya; Ukumelana nobushushu, ukumelana nokukhanya, ukumelana nokunxiba kakuhle kunye nokuchasana kakuhle kweekhemikhali;
Izinto ezingeloncedo: ibala elilambathayo, ukunganyibiliki kakuhle, ukufunxa ukufuma okulambathayo kwaye kulula ukupeyishwa, kulula ukudyobheka.
2.Umqhaphu
Ibhekisa kwilaphu eliveliswe kumqhaphu njengempahla ekrwada. Ngokubanzi, amalaphu ekotoni anokufunxeka ngcono ukufuma kunye nokumelana nobushushu kwaye akhululekile ukunxiba. Olunye ushishino lwempahla oluneemfuno eziphezulu zokufunxa ukufuma lunokukhetha amalaphu asulungekileyo ekotoni ukuze alungiswe. Umzekelo, iiyunifomu zesikolo ehlotyeni.
Izinto eziluncedo: ukufunxa ukufuma komqhaphu kungcono, ukunwebeka kuphezulu noko, ubushushu kunye nokuxhathisa kwealkali, impilo;
Ukungalungi: kulula ukushwabana, kulula ukushwabana, kulula ukujika, kulula ukuncamathela iinwele iyoyika ngakumbi i-asidi, xa i-asidi ye-sulfuric igxininiswe umqhaphu, umqhaphu utshiswe ube yimingxuma.
3.Inayiloni
Inayiloni ligama lesiTshayina lenayiloni yefayibha yokwenziwa, igama lokuguqulela likwabizwa ngokuba yi "nayiloni", "nayiloni", igama lenzululwazi yi-polyamide fibre, oko kukuthi, i-polyamide fiber. Ngenxa yokuba umzi-mveliso wefayibha yeekhemikhali iJinzhou ngumzi-mveliso wokuqala wefayibha wepolyamide kwilizwe lethu, ubizwa ngokuba yi "nylon". Lolona hlobo lokuqala lwefayibha yokwenziwa ehlabathini, ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo, ubutyebi bezinto ezibonakalayo obutyebileyo, busetyenziswe kakhulu.
Izinto eziluncedo: ukomelela, ukumelana nokunxiba kakuhle, ukubeka kwindawo yokuqala kuzo zonke iintsinga; Ukunwebeka kunye nokomelela kwelaphu lenayiloni kuhle kakhulu.
Ukungalungi: Kulula ukukhubazeka phantsi kwamandla amancinci angaphandle, ngoko ilaphu layo lilula ukushwabana ngexesha lokugqoka; Ukungena komoya okulambathayo, kulula ukuvelisa umbane ongatshintshiyo.
4.Spandex
I-Spandex luhlobo lwefiber ye-polyurethane, ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okugqwesileyo, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-elastic fiber, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwimpahla yempahla kwaye ineempawu zokuqina okuphezulu. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kukwenziwa kwempahla eqinileyo, impahla yezemidlalo, ijockstrap kunye neyodwa, njl.njl iindidi zayo ngokweemfuno zokusetyenziswa, zinokohlulwa zibe ilaphu elilastiki elinolwakhiwo, ilaphu elilastiki le-weft kunye nelaphu elilastiki elineendlela ezimbini.
Izinto eziluncedo: ukwandiswa okukhulu, ukulondolozwa kakuhle kwemilo, kunye nokungabi nemibimbi; Eyona nto i-elasticity, ukumelana nokukhanya okulungileyo, ukumelana ne-asidi, ukuxhathisa kwe-alkali, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba; Inepropathi elungileyo yokudaya kwaye akufanele iphele.
Ukungalungi: amandla amabi kakhulu, ukufunxa kakubi ukufuma; ISpandex ayiqhelekanga ukusetyenziswa yodwa, kodwa idityaniswe nezinye iilaphu; Ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-18-2024
