Inkqubo yokudaya nokugqiba (2)

Ukudaya yinkqubo yokucubungula ngokusebenzisa indibaniselwano yeekhemikhali ezibonakalayo okanye ezibonakalayo zeedayi (okanye ii-pigment) kunye nezinto zelaphu ukuze izinto zelaphu zibe nombala oqaqambileyo, ofanayo noqinileyo.

Izinto zelaphu zintywiliselwa kwisisombululo samanzi sedayi kubushushu obuthile, idayi isuka emanzini iye kwifayibha, ngeli xesha uxinano lwedayi emanzini luyehla kancinci kancinci, ngelixa ubungakanani bedayi kwizinto zelaphu bukhula kancinci kancinci, emva kwexesha elithile, ubungakanani bedayi emanzini kunye nobungakanani bedayi kwizinto zelaphu abutshintshi, ubungakanani bedayi iyonke abutshintshi, oko kukuthi, ukudaywa kufikelela kwimeko yokulingana.

Idayi esuswa emanzini yidayi ehamba iye kwifayibha. Yikhuphe ifayibha nangaliphi na ixesha, nokuba ijijekile, idayi isahlala kwifayibha, kwaye ayinakuyenza nje idayi iphume ngokupheleleyo kwifayibha, le dayi idityaniswe kwifayibha, ibizwa ngokuba yidayi.

Ngokwezinto ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula ukudaya, iindlela zokudaya zinokwahlulwahlulwa zibe kukudaya impahla,ukudaya ilaphu(ukudaya ilaphu oluphambili, ukudaya ilaphu elithungiweyo kunye nokudaya izinto ezingezizo ezolukiweyo), ukudaya intambo (kunokwahlulwahlulwa kube yi-Hank dyeing, i-bobbin dyeing, i-warp yarn dyeing kunye ne-continuous warp dyeing) kunye nokudaya i-loose fiber iindidi ezine.

Phakathi kwazo, ukudaya ilaphu yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu, ukudaya impahla kubhekisa kwindlela yokudaya izinto zelaphu emva kokuba zisetyenzisiwe zibe yimpahla, ukudaya intambo kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwilaphu elinombala kunye nelaphu elilukiweyo, kwaye ukudaya ifayibha ekhululekileyo kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zelaphu elinombala.

Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelana phakathi kwedayi kunye nelaphu (inkqubo yokudaya), inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini zokudaya ngokuntywiliselwa kunye nokudaya ngamacwecwe.

1. Shicilela iintyatyambo

Ukuprintayinkqubo apho idayi okanye ipeyinti yenza ipateni kwilaphu. Yahlulwe yaba kukuprinta kwesikrini esisicaba, ukuprinta kwesikrini esijikelezayo, ukuprinta kokudlulisa, ukuprinta kwedijithali njalo njalo. Ukuprinta kukudaywa kwendawo, okufuna ukukhawuleza kombala othile. Idayi esetyenziswayo ngokusisiseko iyafana nokudaywa, ikakhulu kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokuprinta ngokuthe ngqo, ingasebenzisa nokuprinta ipeyinti, inkqubo yokuprinta ipeyinti ilula, kodwa ipateni yendawo enkulu eprintiweyo inzima.

2.Gqibezela

Ukugqitywa kwelaphu, okwaziwa ngokuba kukugqitywa. Yinkqubo yokucubungula ukuphucula imvakalelo kunye nenkangeleko yelaphu (njengokugqitywa okuqinileyo, ukugqitywa okuthambileyo, ukucocwa okanye ukuphakamisa, njl.njl.), ukuphucula umgangatho welaphu nokunika ilaphu imisebenzi emitsha (njengokulwa nemibimbi, ukungangeni manzi, ukungcolisa, ukuchasana nokugqwala, ukuchasana nokungunda, ukuchasana nenundu kunye nokuchasana neebhaktheriya, njl.njl.) ngeendlela zomzimba, zekhemikhali okanye zomzimba nezekhemikhali.

Okuqhelekileyo: Zonke iinkqubo zokucubungula eziphucula kwaye ziphucula umgangatho emva kokuluka.

Mxinwa: inkqubo yokufunxa, ukudaya kunye nokuprinta ilaphu ebizwa ngokuba yi-textile finishing.

Injongo yokugqiba

(1) Yenza ubungakanani belaphu kunye nemilo zihlale zizinzile

Ngokugqiba, ububanzi bomnyango buyazinza kwaye izinga lokuncipha liyancitshiswa, ukuze ububanzi bomnyango welaphu bucoceke kwaye bufane, kwaye ubungakanani belaphu kunye nemo yolungiselelo zihlangabezane nemigangatho emiselweyo.

Umzekelo: ukugquma - kusetyenziswa ifayibha, isilika, uboya kunye nezinye iifayibha kwiimeko ezimanzi okanye ezifumileyo zine-plasticity ethile, ububanzi belaphu butsala kancinci kancinci ukuya kubungakanani obuchaziweyo kunye nokuzinza kokumisa inkqubo yokugqiba, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-tentering.

Ukuseta ubushushu - kubhekisa kwitekhnoloji yokucubungula ilaphu lefayibha yokwenziwa phantsi koxinzelelo oluthile ukuze kulungiswe ubushushu ukuze ubungakanani kunye nemilo yalo ihlale izinzile.

(2) Phucula inkangeleko yamalaphu empahla

Phucula ubumhlophe kunye nokwaluka kwelaphu, phucula ukukhazimla komphezulu welaphu kwaye unike isiphumo somphezulu welaphu.

Ukugqitywa kwekhalenda - ngokwekhalenda, umzekelo, uxinzelelo loomatshini, isenzo sobushushu nomswakama, ngoncedo lweplastiki yefayibha, kwenza umphezulu wefayibha ube nolungelelwaniso oluhambelanayo, ukuze kuphuculwe uburhabaxa bomphezulu obugudileyo, imithetho yokukhanya, kwaye emva koko kuphuculwe umbala welaphu kunye nokukhazimla.

Ukugqitywa kwekhalenda - Umatshini wokugqiba ikhalenda wenziwe ngeroli enzima eshushu kunye neroli ethambileyo. Umphezulu weroli enzima ukrolwe ngepateni yeYang, kwaye iroli ethambileyo ikrolwe ngepateni yeYin, ehambelanayo. Ngoncedo lweplastiki yelaphu phantsi kweemeko ezishushu nezifumileyo, isiphumo sepateni yokuhombisa kwilaphu siveliswa kukusetyenziswa kweroli yeyin-yang.

Ukusila - Emva kokugqiba ilaphu linokuvelisa i-suede, lizive liphucukile, likhululekile ukulinxiba, lingenziwa kumatshini wokuzoba, ilaphu emva kokukhuhlana okuphindaphindiweyo ukuvelisa i-suede.

4. Phucula imvakalelo yeimpahlailaphu

Ukuze ilaphu lithambe, liqine okanye liqine.

Umzekelo: ukugqitywa okuthambileyo - kukwenza ilaphu livakale liqinile kwaye iziphene ezirhabaxa zenza inkqubo yokucubungula ilaphu elithambileyo. Kubandakanya ukugqitywa okuthambileyo koomatshini, ukugqitywa okuthambileyo kweekhemikhali kunye nokugqitywa okuqinileyo.

Ukugqiba okuthambileyo koomatshini kukusebenzisa iindlela zoomatshini ukuxova ilaphu izihlandlo ezininzi kwimeko yokuxinana ukunciphisa ukuqina kwelaphu nokulibuyisela ekuthambekeni okufanelekileyo.

Indlela yekhemikhali isebenzisa isenzo sesithambisi ukunciphisa i-coefficient of friction phakathi kweefayibha ukuze kufumaneke isiphumo esithambileyo.

Ukugqitywa okuqinileyo - kukwenza ilaphu lithambe, liqine, lijiyile, livakale ngokupheleleyo, kwaye liphucule amandla kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, kunokuphucula nokuxhonywa kunye nenkangeleko.

Ukulungiswa kokugqiba okuqinileyo kudla ngokudityaniswa nobubanzi obungaguqukiyo, kongezwa isithambisi kwi-slurry ukuphucula imvakalelo epheleleyo, ngokufanayo, ukugqitywa okulula okuthambileyo, ukongeza i-arhente yokuqinisa ukuze yomeleze amathambo omzimba wayo.

5. Nika amalaphu iimpawu ezikhethekileyo

Ukunika ilaphu iimpawu ezithile zokukhusela okanye ukuphucula ukusebenza kokuguguleka kwelaphu.

Umzekelo: ukuthintela amanzi, yenzelwe ukugquma ilaphu, amanzi nomoya awukwazi ukungena; Ukugqiba ukuphelisa amanzi kukutshintsha umphezulu wefayibha othanda amanzi ube yi-hydrophobic, kwaye ilaphu liyakwazi ukuphefumla kwaye alinamanzi lula ngamanzi.

Ukugqitywa okubamba ilangatye - ilaphu eligqityiweyo linamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okukwazi ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwelangatye, kwaye linokuyeka ngokukhawuleza ukutsha emva kokuphuma kumthombo womlilo.