Ushicilelo lwescreen lubhekisa kusetyenziso lwescreen njengesiseko sepleyiti, nangendlela yokwenza ipleyiti yefotosensitive, eyenziwe ngemifanekiso yepleyiti yokushicilela kwesikrini. Ukuprintwa kwesikrini kuqulethe izinto ezintlanu, ipleyiti yesikrini, i-scraper, i-inki, itafile yokuprinta kunye ne-substrate. Ukuprintwa kwesikrini yenye yezona ndlela zibalulekileyo zokudala ubugcisa.
1. Yintoniushicilelo lwesikrini
Ushicilelo lwesikrini yinkqubo yokudlulisa uyilo lwestencil kumphezulu osicaba usebenzisa isikrini, i-inki, kunye nescraper. Ilaphu kunye nephepha zezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo zoshicilelo lwesikrini, kodwa kusetyenziswa ii-inki ezikhethekileyo, kuyenzeka ukuba uprinte emthini, isinyithi, iplastiki kunye neglasi. Indlela esisiseko ibandakanya ukwenza umngundo kwiscreen somnatha ocolekileyo kwaye emva koko uthulule i-inki (okanye ipeyinti, kwimeko yobugcisa kunye neepowusta) ngayo ukuze uprinte uyilo kumphezulu ongezantsi.
Inkqubo ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba "ukushicilela isikrini" okanye "ukuprintwa kwesikrini," kwaye nangona eyona nkqubo yokushicilela ihlala ifana kakhulu, indlela eyenziwe ngayo i-stencil inokwahluka, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zetemplate ziquka:
Cwangcisa inkawu okanye ivinyl ukugquma indawo efunwayo yesikrini.
Sebenzisa "isithinteli sesikrini" njengeglu okanye ipeyinti ukupeyinta ukungunda kwigridi.
Yenza i-stencil usebenzisa i-emulsion yezithombe, kwaye emva koko uphuhlise i-stencil ngendlela efanayo nesithombe (unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nale nto kwisikhokelo sesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo).
Uyilo olwenziwe kusetyenziswa ubuchule bokuprinta kwesikrini kunokusebenzisa enye okanye ii-inki ezimbalwa. Kwizinto ezinemibala emininzi, umbala ngamnye mawusetyenziswe kuluhlu oluhlukeneyo kunye netemplate eyahlukileyo esetyenziselwa i-inki nganye.
2. Kutheni usebenzise ushicilelo lwesikrini
Esinye sezizathu zokuba itekhnoloji yoshicilelo lwesikrini isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kukuba ivelisa imibala eqaqambileyo nakwimalaphu amnyama. I-inki okanye ipeyinti iphinde ibekwe kwimigangatho emininzi kumphezulu welaphu okanye iphepha, ngaloo ndlela inika isiqwenga esiprintiweyo umnxeba owanelisayo.
Itekhnoloji nayo iyathandwa kuba ivumela iiprinta ukuba zikope ngokulula uyilo izihlandlo ezininzi. Ekubeni uyilo lunokukopishwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo usebenzisa isikhunta esifanayo, luncedo ekudaleni iikopi ezininzi zengubo enye okanye i-accessory. Xa iqhutywa ngumshicileli onamava usebenzisa izixhobo zobungcali, kuyenzeka kwakhona ukuyila uyilo lombala onzima. Ngelixa ukuntsonkotha kwenkqubo kuthetha ukuba inani lemibala umshicileli anokusebenzisa lilinganiselwe, linobunzulu obungaphezulu kunoko bunokuzuzwa kusetyenziswa ushicilelo lwedijithali kuphela.
Ukuprintwa kwesikrini yindlela eyaziwayo phakathi kwamagcisa kunye nabaqulunqi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokukwazi ukuvelisa imibala ecacileyo kunye nemifanekiso ecacileyo. Ukongeza kuAndy Warhol, abanye abaculi abaziwayo ngokusetyenziswa kwesikrini sokuprinta baquka uRobert Rauschenberg, uBen Shahn, uEduardo Paolozzi, uRichard Hamilton, uRB Kitaj, uHenri Matisse noRichard Estes.
3. Amanyathelo enkqubo yoshicilelo lwesikrini
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuprintwa kwesikrini, kodwa zonke zibandakanya iindlela ezisisiseko ezifanayo. Ifom yoshicilelo esiza kuxubusha ngayo ngezantsi isebenzisa i-emulsion ekhethekileyo yokukhanya ekhanyayo ukwenza i-stencils yesiko; Ngenxa yokuba ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-stencils eziyinkimbinkimbi, ithande ukuba lolona hlobo ludumileyo loshicilelo lwentengiso.
Inyathelo 1: Uyilo luyadalwa
Okokuqala, umshicileli uthatha uyilo afuna ukulwenza kwimveliso yokugqibela, aze ayiprinte kwifilimu yeasidi ecacileyo. Oku kuya kusetyenziselwa ukwenza i-mold.
Inyathelo 2: Lungisa isikrini
Okulandelayo, umshicileli ukhetha isikrini semesh ukuze silungele ukuntsonkotha koyilo kunye nokuthungwa kwelaphu eliprintiweyo. Isikrini sigqunywa nge-emulsion ye-photoreactive eqina xa iphuhliswe phantsi kokukhanya okuqaqambileyo.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Veza isithambiso
Iphepha le-acetate elinolu yilo libekwe kwisikrini esifakwe kwi-emulsion kwaye yonke imveliso ibonakaliswe ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo. Ukukhanya kuqinisa i-emulsion, ngoko ke inxalenye yesikrini egqunywe luyilo ihlala imanzi.
Ukuba uyilo lokugqibela luya kuba nemibala emininzi, isikrini esahlukileyo kufuneka sisetyenziswe ukufaka umaleko ngamnye we-inki. Ukwenza iimveliso ezinemibala emininzi, umshicileli kufuneka asebenzise izakhono zakhe ukuyila itemplate nganye kwaye alungelelanise ngokugqibeleleyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyilo lokugqibela alunamthungo.
Inyathelo 4: Hlamba i-emulsion ukwenza i-stencil
Emva kokubonisa isikrini ixesha elithile, iindawo zesikrini ezingagqunywanga kuyilo ziya kuba nzima. Emva koko hlambulula ngononophelo yonke into yokuthambisa engaqiniwanga. Oku kushiya ushicilelo olucacileyo loyilo kwikhusi ukuze i-inki idlule.
Ikhusi ke yomiswa kwaye umshicileli uya kwenza nakuphi na ukubamba okuyimfuneko okanye izilungiso ukwenza imprint ngokusondeleyo kuyilo yokuqala kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngoku ungasebenzisa i-mold.
Inyathelo 5: Into ikulungele ukuprintwa
Iskrini ke sibekwe kumatshini wokushicilela. Into okanye isambatho esiza kuprintwa sibekwe sicaba kwipleyiti yokushicilela ngaphantsi kwesikrini.
Baninzi oomatshini bokushicilela abahlukahlukeneyo, abasebenzisa ngesandla nabazenzelayo, kodwa uninzi lwale mihla yoshicilelo lwezorhwebo luya kusebenzisa umatshini wokushicilela we<em>rotary disk ozijikelezayo, njengoko oku kuvumela izikrini ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ukuba ziqhutywe ngaxeshanye. Kushicilelo lombala, lo mshicileli unokuphinda asetyenziswe ukufaka umaleko ngamnye wombala kulandelelwano olukhawulezayo.
Inyathelo 6: Cofa i-inki ngesikrini kwinto leyo
Isikrini siwela kwibhodi eprintiweyo. Yongeza i-inki phezulu kwesikrini kwaye usebenzise i-absorbent scraper ukutsala inki kubo bonke ubude besikrini. Oku kucinezela i-inki phezu kwendawo evulekileyo yethempleyithi, ngaloo ndlela ibhala uyilo kwimveliso engezantsi.
Ukuba umshicileli wenza izinto ezininzi, phakamisa isikrini kwaye ubeke iimpahla ezintsha kwipleyiti yokushicilela. Emva koko phinda inkqubo.
Emva kokuba zonke izinto zishicilelwe kwaye ithemplate isebenze injongo yayo, isisombululo esikhethekileyo sokucoca singasetyenziselwa ukususa i-emulsion ukwenzela ukuba isikrini sisetyenziswe kwakhona ukwenza itemplate entsha.
Inyathelo lesi-7: Yomisa imveliso, khangela kwaye ugqibezele
Imveliso eprintiweyo ke igqithwe kwi-dryer, ethi "iphilise" i-inki kwaye ivelise impembelelo egudileyo, engafihliyo. Phambi kokuba imveliso yokugqibela idluliselwe kumnini omtsha, iyahlolwa ize icocwe ngokucokisekileyo ukuze kususwe zonke iintsalela.
4. Izixhobo zokuprinta isikrini
Ukuze ufumane ushicilelo olucocekileyo, olucacileyo, abacinezeli besikrini kufuneka babe nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokugqibezela umsebenzi. Apha, siza kuxoxa isixhobo ngasinye yoshicilelo screen, kuquka indima abayidlalayo kwinkqubo yoshicilelo.
| umatshini wokushicilela wesikrini |
Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuprinta isikrini usebenzisa umnatha kuphela kunye ne-squeegee, uninzi lwabashicileli bakhetha ukusebenzisa ushicilelo kuba lubavumela ukuba bashicilele izinto ezininzi ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba umatshini wokushicilela ubamba isikrini endaweni phakathi kweprints, okwenza kube lula kumsebenzisi ukutshintsha iphepha okanye iimpahla zokuprinta.
Zintathu iindidi zoomatshini bokushicilela: manual, semi-automatic kunye ne-automatic. Oomatshini bokushicilela bezandla basebenza ngesandla, okuthetha ukuba banzima kakhulu. Oomatshini bokushicilela beSemi-automatic balungiswa ngokuyinxenye, kodwa basafuna igalelo lomntu ukutshintshiselana ngezinto ezicinezelweyo, ngelixa oomatshini bokushicilela abazenzekelayo bezenzekela ngokupheleleyo kwaye bafuna igalelo elincinci.
Amashishini afuna inani elikhulu leeprojekthi zoshicilelo adla ngokusebenzisa oomatshini bokushicilela abazenzekelayo okanye abazenzekelayo kuba banokushicilela ngokukhawuleza, ngokufanelekileyo kunye neempazamo ezincinci. Iinkampani ezincinci okanye iinkampani ezisebenzisa ushicilelo lwesikrini njengento yokuzonwabisa zinokufumana oomatshini bokushicilela be-desktop (ngamanye amaxesha kubhekiselwa kubo ngokuba "ngoomatshini bokushicilela besandla") abalunge ngakumbi kwiimfuno zabo.
| inki |
I-inki, i-pigment, okanye ipeyinti ityhalelwa kwi-mesh screen kunye nento eza kuprintwa, idlulisela umbala oshicilelweyo woyilo lwestencil kwimveliso.
Ukukhetha i-inki akukhona nje ngokukhetha umbala, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokukhetha. Zininzi ii-inki zobuchwephesha ezinokusetyenziswa ukuvelisa iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kwimveliso egqityiweyo. Umzekelo, abashicileli banokusebenzisa i-inks ezidanyazayo, ii-inki ezigogekileyo, okanye ii-inki ezikhukhumeleyo (ezandisa ukwenza umphezulu onyusiweyo) ukuvelisa inkangeleko eyodwa. Umshicileli uya kuphinda athathele ingqalelo uhlobo lwelaphu loshicilelo lwekhusi, njengoko ezinye ii-inki zisebenza ngakumbi kwezinye izinto kunezinye.
Xa uprinta impahla, umshicileli uya kusebenzisa i-inki enokuhlanjwa ngumatshini emva kokuba iphathwe ubushushu kwaye yanyangwa. Oku kuya kubangela ukuba izinto ezingagugiyo, ezinxibe ixesha elide ezinokunxitywa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
| isikrini |
Isikrini kushicilelo lwesikrini yintsimbi okanye isakhelo somthi esigqunywe ngelaphu elinomnatha ocolekileyo. Ngokwesiko, le mesh yenziwe ngentambo yesilika, kodwa namhlanje, ithathelwe indawo yifiber yepolyester, ebonelela ngokusebenza okufanayo kwixabiso eliphantsi. Ubuninzi kunye nenombolo yomsonto we-mesh inokukhethwa ukuba ihambelane nomphezulu oza kuprintwa okanye ukuthungwa kwelaphu, kwaye isithuba phakathi kwemigca sincinci, ukwenzela ukuba iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu zinokufumaneka ekushicileleni.
Emva kokuba isikrini sifakwe emulsion kwaye sibonakaliswe, sinokusetyenziswa njenge template. Emva kokuba inkqubo yoshicilelo lwesikrini igqityiwe, inokucocwa kwaye isetyenziswe kwakhona.
| isilaphu |
I-scraper yi-scraper yerabha edityaniswe kwibhodi yeplanga, isinyithi okanye isiphatho seplastiki. Isetyenziselwa ukutyhala i-inki kwikhusi lomnatha nangaphezulu ukuze iprintwe. Abashicileli bahlala bekhetha i-scraper efana nobukhulu kwisakhelo sesikrini kuba inika ukhuseleko olungcono.
I-scraper yerabha enzima ifaneleke ngakumbi ukuprintwa koyilo oluyinkimbinkimbi kunye neenkcukacha ezininzi, njengoko iqinisekisa ukuba zonke iikona kunye nezikhewu kwi-mold zifunxa umaleko we-inki ngokulinganayo. Xa uprinta uyilo olungenankcukacha okanye ushicilelo kwilaphu, i-rubber scraper ethambileyo, evelisayo isoloko isetyenziswa.
| Isikhululo sokucoca |
Izikrini kufuneka zihlanjululwe emva kokusetyenziswa ukususa zonke iimpawu ze-emulsion, ngoko zingasetyenziselwa ukuprintwa kamva. Ezinye izindlu ezinkulu zokuprinta zinokusebenzisa iivathi zokucoca ulwelo olukhethekileyo okanye iasidi ukususa i-emulsion, ngelixa ezinye zisebenzisa kuphela isinki okanye isinki kunye nombhobho wamandla ukucoca isikrini.
5.Ingaba i-inki yoshicilelo lwesikrini iya kuhlamba?
Ukuba isambatho siprintwe ngokufanelekileyo yingcali eqeqeshiweyo esebenzisa i-inki ehlanjululwayo enobushushu, uyilo akufanelekanga ukuba luhlanjwe. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umbala awupheli, umshicileli kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba i-inki ibekwe ngokwezikhokelo zomenzi. Iqondo lobushushu elichanekileyo lokumisa kunye nexesha lixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-inki kunye nelaphu elisetyenzisiweyo, ngoko ke imiyalelo kufuneka ilandelwe ukuba umshicileli uza kwenza into ehlala ixesha elide enokuhlatywa.
6. Uthini umahluko phakathi koshicilelo lwesikrini kunye noshicilelo lwedijithali?
Ushicilelo lwedijithali olulungele ukunxiba ngokuthe ngqo (i-DTG) lusebenzisa umshicileli welaphu ozinikeleyo (okungathi ufana nomshicileli wekhompyutha ye-inkjet) ukuthumela imifanekiso ngokuthe ngqo kwizinto ezilukiweyo. Iyahluka kushicilelo lwesikrini kuba umshicileli wedijithali usetyenziselwa ukudlulisela uyilo ngokuthe ngqo kwilaphu. Ngenxa yokuba akukho stencil, imibala emininzi ingasetyenziswa ngaxeshanye, endaweni yokuba kufakwe imibala emininzi kumaleko ahlukeneyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ubuchule busetyenziswa rhoqo ukuprinta uyilo oluntsonkothileyo okanye olunemibala kakhulu.
Ngokungafaniyo noshicilelo lwesikrini, ushicilelo lwedijithali lufuna phantse akukho seto, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ushicilelo lwedijithali lukhetho oluneendleko eziphezulu xa kushicilelwa iibhetshi ezincinci zempahla okanye izinto ezingatshatanga. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba isebenzisa imifanekiso yekhompyuter endaweni yeetemplates, ifanelekile ukwenza iifoto okanye uyilo oluneenkcukacha kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba umbala uprintwe usebenzisa amachaphaza ombala we-CMYK kune-inki yombala ococekileyo, awunakubonelela ngombala ofanayo wombala njengoshicilelo lwesikrini. Kananjalo awukwazi ukusebenzisa umshicileli wedijithali ukwenza iziphumo ezicwangcisiweyo.
Siyinghong Impahla Factoryuneminyaka eli-15 yamava kwimpahla, yaye uneminyaka eli-15 yamava kushishino lokushicilela. Singabonelela ngesikhokelo soshicilelo lwelogo yobuchwephesha kwiisampulu zakho/impahla eninzi, kwaye sicebisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokushicilela ukwenza iisampulu zakho/impahla eninzi igqibelele. Unganxibelelana nathingoko nangoko!
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-21-2023
